Premenstrual Syndrome: Prevalence, Severity, and its Association with Academic and Social Performance among College Students, Jimma Southwest Ethiopia

Abstract

Background: The frequency of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is high among young women, and the severity of its symp- toms could interfere with their daily activities. Although it has been widely studied in many western countries, little is known about the impact of PMS in low income setting. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence and severity of PMS and its influence on academic and social activities. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted among female students of Jimma Teachers Training College in January, 2011. Seven hundred and six female students were selected using a simple random sampling technique. A structured and pre-tested self-administered questionnaire was employed for data collection. The criteria proposed by American College of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (ACOG) were used to diagnose PMS. Data analysis was made using SPSS Version 15.0. Result: The prevalence of PMS was 84.4% in the present study. Family income and duration of menstrual bleeding have shown significant association with PMS (p < 0.05). The prevalence of Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder, which is the se- vere form of PMS, was 30.9%. PMS was significantly associated with academic performance and social activities of fe- male students. About 77.9% of the students who had PMS have lost concentration on academics in the class room lessons, and 64.5% of them had difficulties to study at home. Concerning the implication of PMS on social activities of females; 81.0% of the students missed recreational activities and 79.0% restricted from daily home chores. Academic and social problems were pronounced in students who had ppremenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD). Conclusion: The present study revealed a high prevalence rate of PMS with a negative impact on academic endeavor and daily social activities of the students. Therefore, health education and counseling services are highly recommended for female students in the higher institutions (Ethiopian Journal of Reproductive Health, 2014, Volume 7(1),31-41). Key Words: Premenstrual syndrome, prevalence, severity, academic performance