Exploring Factors Associated With Common Mental Health Disorders among Mothers Of Children Aged 6-23 Months In Indonesia

Abstract

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of common mental disorders (CMDs) in Indonesia is around 20% of the population. There are still few studies related to CMD in mothers with children aged 6-23 years old. This study aimed to explore factors associated with CMD among mothers of children aged 6-23 months in Indonesia.

METHOD: Analysis was conducted on 670 mothers who completed questionnaires in the 2018 Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) baseline data. CMD status was measured using the WHO Self-report Questionnaire-20 (SRQ-20) and was associated with various factors such as child (age, anemia status, history of diarrhea), and mother (age, unintended pregnancy status, and history of pregnancy disorders). Bivariate and multivariate linear regression analyses were used to identify factors associated with CMD scores. Regression coefficients were calculated with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), and a p value of <0.025 was used as the limit of significance to determine which variables were included in the multivariate model.

RESULT: Results showed that history of childhood diarrhea (? = 0.090; 95% CI: 0.135--0.074; p = 0.017) and pregnancy complications (? = 0.144; 95% CI: 0.643-2.012; p < 0.001) were associated with increased CMD scores. Unintended pregnancy was the strongest predictor (? = 0.141; 95% CI: 1.360-4.374; p < 0.001). In contrast, household size of >3 adults correlated with lower CMD scores (? = -0.084; 95% CI: -1.366--0.082; p = 0.027). This regression model explained 5.7% of the variability in CMD scores (R² = 5.7%; F = 10.046; p < 0.001) with Durbin-Watson = 1.827.

CONCLUSION: Other factors such as child gender, maternal education, employment status, and health insurance ownership did not show significant associations with CMD. In conclusion, interventions targeting support during pregnancy and postnatally are needed to improve maternal mental health.

KEYWORDS : SRQ-20; maternal mental health; unwanted pregnancy, history of pregnancy complications.